XPath Axes

There are thirteen different axes in the XPath specification. An axis represents a relationship to the context node, and is used to locate nodes relative to the tree. The following is an extremely brief description of thirteen available axes

Ancestor

This indicates all the ancestors of the context node beginning with the parent node and traveling through to the root node.

Ancestor-or-self

Indicates the context node and all of its ancestors, including the root node.

Attribute

Indicates the attributes of the context node. This axis can be abbreviated with the at sign (@).

Child

This Indicates the children of the context node. If an XPath expression does not specify an axis,then it is understood by default. Since only the root node or element nodes have children,any other use will select nothing.

Descendant

Indicates all the children of the context node, and all of their children, and so forth. Attribute and namespace nodes are not included - the parent of an attribute node is an element node, but attribute nodes are not the children of their parents.

Descendant-or-self

Indicates the context node and all of its descendants. Attribute and namespace nodes are not included - the parent of an attribute node is an element node, but attribute nodes are not the children of their parents.

Following

Indicates all the nodes that appear after the context node, except any descendant, attribute, and namespace nodes.

Following-sibling

Indicates all the nodes that have the same parent as the context node and appear after the context node in the source document.

Namespace

Indicates all the nodes that are in scope for the context node. In this case, the context node must be an element node.

Parent

Indicates the single node that is the parent of the context node. It can be abbreviated as two periods (..).

preceding

Indicates all the nodes that precede the context node in the document except any ancestor, attribute and namespace nodes.

preceding-sibling

Indicates all the nodes that have the same parent as the context node and appear before the context node in the source document.

self

Indicates the context node itself. It can be abbreviated as a single period (.).

Location Path Expression

A location path can be relative or absolute.

An absolute location path starts with a slash ( / ) but relative location path does not. In both cases the location path consists of one or more steps, each separated by a slash:

An absolute location path:

/step/step/...

A relative location path:

step/step/...

Aller Schritt wird gegen die Nullpunkte im gegenwärtigen Nullpunkt-einstellte ausgewertet.

Ein Schritt besteht:

Eine Mittellinie, die das Baumverhältnis zwischen den vorgewählten Nullpunkten und dem gegenwärtigen Nullpunkt definiert
Nullpunkttest, der einen Nullpunkt innerhalb einer Mittellinie kennzeichnet
Null oder mehr Prädikate für weiteres verfeinern vorgewählt Nullpunkt-einstellten

Syntax des Position Schrittes:

axisname::nodetest[predicate]

Example:

Example	Result
child::book	Selects all book nodes that are children of the current node
attribute::lang	Selects the lang attribute of the current node
child::*	Selects all children of the current node
attribute::*	Selects all attributes of the current node
child::text()	Selects all text child nodes of the current node
child::node()	Selects all child nodes of the current node
descendant::book	Selects all book descendants of the current node
ancestor::book	Selects all book ancestors of the current node
ancestor-or-self::book	Selects all book ancestors of the current node - and the current as well if it is a book node
child::*/child::price	Selects all price grandchildren of the current node

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