Physical Inventory Item Class
Managing physical inventory is a crucial part of running your business, if
it is not monitored correctly you could have large variances, both negative or
positive.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
A physical inventory count is carried out to determine the exact
physical quantity of an article that is in your store at a particular time.
Stock quantities are then updated based on the actual level determined during
the physical count.
It is important to monitor the accuracy of your stock levels, not only to
identify any stock loss that may be occurring, but also to avoid processing
sales against stock that you physically do not have, also to know when it is
necessary to replenish stocks that run low.
George Sewmungal
If you are asking about the stratification analysis: i.e.: after the unit
cost X annual volume is calculated for all items, you sort the list and mark off
the strata from the top down:
A = 70% - 85% of accumulated value
B = 10% - 20% of accumulated value
C = 5% - 10% of accumulated value
D or Blank = fasteners, no cost/low cost items etc.
The logic is that the A items will be comprised of costly or high volume
items that account for the majority of the company’s inventory assets. These
are usually only about 15 – 20% of the material numbers in the database. They
are usually counted 4 times or more per year. Some companies count these every
month. Mismanaging these items can bankrupt the company and they deserve
special attention. Anyway that is the conventional wisdom.
B items are middle value/volume and are usually counted twice a year or
thereabouts.
C items are low cost/volume items and are usually counted only once per
year. They usually account for about 80% of the number of items in inventory
but only 20% of the value. The most important thing about C items is to keep
them in stock so you don’t run out.
The selection within each stratum is usually random but not necessarily.
Some companies will store the items in segregated shelving and count by shelf,
for example.
Physical Inventory Process
What are the step to do physical inventory process? I want to make zero
stock and then upload the actual stock?
First you can use the trn. MI01 there put all the material save, then use
T-Code MI04 there you have to enter the count the if you want put 0, put it and
make the tick then save then use MI22 post the difference.
About Physical inventory process you have another way :
1. Use t-code MI31 instead of using MI01 , it will give you a document number of
all your stock.
2. If you did not get the document number use t-code MI24 .
3. MI21 to print the document.
4. MI04 to enter the count if you want put 0.
5. MI07 post.
Create PI document using MI01 (MI31 -Using Batch)
Enter Count Using MI04 (Select Zero Stock Indicator)
Post Count results using MI07
Check Results using MI24
Upload initial Stock using MB1C 561
Note: For the first initial upload, the best options is to get your abapers
to write a simple BDC upload program from the SAP screen mb1c (mvt type 561)
using the file type csv (format save in excel).
If you freeze wrongly, you can used MI02 to manually delete the freeze
physical inventory documents number.
Valuation Category
All of the valuation groupings work together.
You specify whether valuation occurs at plant or
company code level in transaction OX14
(Define Valuation Level). Then whichever one you have defined becomes a
Valuation Area. These areas can be grouped together for ease of account
assignment, in which case they become valuation groups.
Account Category Reference codes are associated to
material types.
Valuation Classes are associated to material types in
account determination.
Also an explicit association of Account Category
Reference number to Valuation Class is made in Account Determination.
For example, Material HALB - Semifinished Goods.
Account Category Ref in Material Type is 0008. Valuation Class 7900 is linked
to Account Category Reference 0008.
When a material is created, it is associated to the
appropriate Valuation Class on Accounting View 1 of Material Master.
The automatic account determination facility looks up a
posting based on the rules defined - whether to look at only Valuation Class, or
Valuation Class and an additional Valuation Modifier for BSX postings for
example. It will check the rules, look at the material, material type and
valuation area and the rules for the movement itself (where the system is
expecting to see the account definitions). All of the definitions need to be
consistent. If you've defined a new Account Category Reference, you need to
make sure that's associated to the Valuation Class and Material Type.
The fastest and best way to tell if something is going
to post the way you want it to is to simulate the posting. You can do that in
the initial screen with the simulate button. Choose the plant, the movement
type and the system will ask for a material and then tell you where everything
will post, or if there's a posting account that is missing.
MBST: Reversal of cleared items in FI
When canceling a material document or an invoice posted with Transaction MR1M
(Logistics Invoice Verification), the system generates error message F5802:
'Document includes already cleared items - reversal not possible'
This situation occurs if both goods receipt and an invoice for a purchase
order item (scheduling agreement item) exist and the GR/IR clearing account has
been cleared in this regard.
If you still want to cancel goods receipt with Transaction MBST or an invoice
with Transaction MR8M, you must reset the corresponding cleared items beforehand
in the accounting document using Transaction FBRA 'Reset cleared items.
As an alternative, you can also carry out the correction described in Note
326707.
Difference Between Cancellation and Reversal
What is the difference between cancellation and reversal?
Canellation means total purchase item or a part of it can be cancelled when
we feel it is not required and material has not yet been received by the
company.
Reversal means Purchase Return when the material has reached your company and
you want to return it back due to some reason then you can go for reversal.
While doing migo, we can use cancellation and as well as reversal, what is
the diference between the two?
The reversal method for both Cancellation and Reversal are the same although
the meaning are different.
Movement Type102 in MIGO will reverse the Goods Receipt for PO and the same
will happen for Cancellation also......
Movement Type 122, is for Return delivery to Vendor and this won't come under
Reversal or Cancellation concept...
In SAP MM, 102 is the reversal mvt. type of 101. Every mvt. type has its
reversal counterpart. The are many reasons to
make a reversal of any mvt. type (mostly human mistakes).
Movement Type 161 is used when you make a returns purchase order to a vendor.
This is a purchase order with the "returns"
flag marked. By the way, 161 has it reversal mvt. type in 162.
It's true that in both cases material is being removed from the stock but for
diferent reasons and in diferent bussiness processes.
Automate the opening of MM periods
How can you automate the monthly opening of MM periods (transaction MMPV -
program RMMMPERI) with
SM36?
RMMMPERI accepts a period/year or a date.
If you enter a date the period is derived by it.
1. create a variant and check the attribute 'selection variable' for the
parameter date. Then click the button 'Selection variables' and set the current
date. Every time this variant is used the parameter DATE is filled with the
current date.
2. create a job for RMMMPERI with the variant created in the preceding
step. Set it as periodic.
If you're not using a fiscal year variant simply schedule it as monthly (to be
executed the first day of the month).
If you are using a fiscal year variant you'd have to define a calendar with only
the first day of each period defined as working
day and use it in the periodicity restrictions.
Another possibility:
Write a very simple ABAP which run daily to check if the period has changed and
submit RMMMPERI.
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