XHTML Entities Reference

An entity is a term used for symbol. Many symbols such as foreign cash symbols, trademark, or copyright exist outside of the ones on your keyboard. In order to display them, you need to know 4 parts.

In XHTML tags are created using less than and greater than symbol. We need entities to use them on our web-sites

A Character Entity has three parts:

Each entity starts with ampersand - &

An entity name or a # and an entity number

And finally a semicolon - ;

The ISO 8859-1 character set is supported by HTML 4.01.

The original 7-BIT ASCII standard is the lower part of ISO-8859-1 (codes from 0-127). Without a character reference, many of these characters can be used .

Using character entity names we can use all the codes from 160-255 (higher part of ISO-8859-1)

Note that the entity names are case sensitive.

ASCII Entities with new Entity Names

Result	Description	Entity Name	Entity Number
"	quotation mark	"	"
'	apostrophe	' (does not work in IE)	'
&	ampersand	&	&
<	less-than	<	<
>	greater-than	>	>

Result Description Entity Name Entity Number

non-breaking space    

� inverted exclamation mark ¡ ¡

� currency ¤ ¤

� cent ¢ ¢

� pound £ £

� yen ¥ ¥

� broken vertical bar ¦ ¦

� section § §

� spacing diaeresis ¨ ¨

� copyright © ©

� feminine ordinal indicator ª ª

� angle quotation mark (left) « «

� negation ¬ ¬

� soft hyphen  

� registered trademark ® ®

� trademark ™ ™

� spacing macron ¯ ¯

� degree ° °

� plus-or-minus ± ±

� superscript 2 ² ²

� superscript 3 ³ ³

� spacing acute ´ ´

� micro µ µ

� paragraph ¶ ¶

� middle dot · ·

� spacing cedilla ¸ ¸

� superscript 1 ¹ ¹

� masculine ordinal indicator º º

� angle quotation mark (right) » »

� fraction 1/4 ¼ ¼

� fraction 1/2 ½ ½

� fraction 3/4 ¾ ¾

� inverted question mark ¿ ¿

� multiplication × ×

� division ÷ ÷

ISO 8859-1 Character Entities

Result	Description	Entity Name	Entity Number
�	capital a, grave accent	À	À
�	capital a, acute accent	Á	Á
�	capital a, circumflex accent	Â	Â
�	capital a, tilde	Ã	Ã
�	capital a, umlaut mark	Ä	Ä
�	capital a, ring	Å	Å
�	capital ae	Æ	Æ
�	capital c, cedilla	Ç	Ç
�	capital e, grave accent	È	È
�	capital e, acute accent	É	É
�	capital e, circumflex accent	Ê	Ê
�	capital e, umlaut mark	Ë	Ë
�	capital i, grave accent	Ì	Ì
�	capital i, acute accent	Í	Í
�	capital i, circumflex accent	Î	Î
�	capital i, umlaut mark	Ï	Ï
�	capital eth, Icelandic	Ð	Ð
�	capital n, tilde	Ñ	Ñ
�	capital o, grave accent	Ò	Ò
�	capital o, acute accent	Ó	Ó
�	capital o, circumflex accent	Ô	Ô
�	capital o, tilde	Õ	Õ
�	capital o, umlaut mark	Ö	Ö
�	capital o, slash	Ø	Ø
�	capital u, grave accent	Ù	Ù
�	capital u, acute accent	Ú	Ú
�	capital u, circumflex accent	Û	Û
�	capital u, umlaut mark	Ü	Ü
�	capital y, acute accent	Ý	Ý
�	capital THORN, Icelandic	Þ	Þ
�	small sharp s, German	ß	ß
�	small a, grave accent	à	à
�	small a, acute accent	á	á
�	small a, circumflex accent	â	â
�	small a, tilde	ã	ã
�	small a, umlaut mark	ä	ä
�	small a, ring	å	å
�	small ae	æ	æ
�	small c, cedilla	ç	ç
�	small e, grave accent	è	è
�	small e, acute accent	é	é
�	small e, circumflex accent	ê	ê
�	small e, umlaut mark	ë	ë
�	small i, grave accent	ì	ì
�	small i, acute accent	í	í
�	small i, circumflex accent	î	î
�	small i, umlaut mark	ï	ï
�	small eth, Icelandic	ð	ð
�	small n, tilde	ñ	ñ
�	small o, grave accent	ò	ò
�	small o, acute accent	ó	ó
�	small o, circumflex accent	ô	ô
�	small o, tilde	õ	õ
�	small o, umlaut mark	ö	ö
�	small o, slash	ø	ø
�	small u, grave accent	ù	ù
�	small u, acute accent	ú	ú
�	small u, circumflex accent	û	û
�	small u, umlaut mark	ü	ü
�	small y, acute accent	ý	ý
�	small thorn, Icelandic	þ	þ
�	small y, umlaut mark	ÿ	ÿ

Some Other Entities supported by HTML

Result	Description	Entity Name	Entity Number
�	capital ligature OE	&OElig;	Œ
�	small ligature oe	&oelig;	œ
�	capital S with caron	&Scaron;	Š
�	small S with caron	&scaron;	š
�	capital Y with diaeres	&Yuml;	Ÿ
�	modifier letter circumflex accent	&circ;	ˆ
�	small tilde	&tilde;	˜
	en space	&ensp;
	em space	&emsp;
	thin space
‌	zero width non-joiner	&zwnj;	‌
‍	zero width joiner	&zwj;	‍
‎	left-to-right mark	&lrm;	‎
‏	right-to-left mark	&rlm;	‏
�	en dash	–	–
�	em dash	—	—
�	left single quotation mark	‘	‘
�	right single quotation mark	’	’
�	single low-9 quotation mark	&sbquo;	‚
�	left double quotation mark	“	“
�	right double quotation mark	”	”
�	double low-9 quotation mark	&bdquo;	„
�	dagger	&dagger;	†
�	double dagger	&Dagger;	‡
�	horizontal ellipsis	…	…
�	per mille	&permil;	‰
�	single left-pointing angle quotation	&lsaquo;	‹
�	single right-pointing angle quotation	&rsaquo;	›
�	euro	€	€

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